Knee joint arthrosis: causes, symptoms and treatment

Healthy people see the ability to walk and walk as something natural and easy.But those with the disease of the musculoskeletal system know how many difficulties are restricted by temporary or continuous mobility.Meanwhile, every second person is over 50 years old with joint inflammation, and knee joint arthrosis is one of the main causes of defects in women and men.

Causes of arthrosis of the knee joint

Despite the widespread prevalence of arthrosis, there is still confusion with the name of the disease.It is officially called "deformation of osteoarthritis."But from the doctor's lips, you can hear the word "arthritis" - there is no significant mistake here, although more often these terms are used in relation to rheumatoid arthritis: other diseases that have different and different symptoms than osteoarthritis.

Reducing osteoarthritis is a progressive wound of cartilage that coats the surface of the joints, leading to a violation of work and pain.

This is a very common pathology, which is more common in advanced women suffering from overweight.However, sometimes osteoarthritis deformation is also observed in young sports men: the impulse for the development of the disease is a sports trauma caused by excessive burden in the gym.

In addition, gonarthrosis occurs for the following reasons:

• broken leg and knee joint dislocation;
• Menisc injection;
• Inflammation of inflammation (rheumatism, gout, bekhterev disease, etc.);
• metabolic violations;
• congenital disadvantages of ligament apparatus (joint hypermobility);
• The predisposition of the descent for the arthrosis of the knee joint.

Honartrosis can develop wherever we - experts notice that this is the consequence of the paradoxical in the average life of the population: our joints fail before we feel like parents and rejecting activities.

Symptoms of arthrosis of the knee joint

Arthrosis never happened suddenly.The first symptom that occurs far before the acceleum of the disease is a slight pain in the knee while walking, strengthening during lifting and descending stairs.The unpleasant sensation, as a rule, appears at the beginning of the movement, disappears after a short walk, and after a long load on the joints, they return.

Over time, if arthrosis is untreated, symptoms are aggravated - the pain becomes persistent, the movement in the knee joint is more limited, and the knee increases in size.Doctors advise not to visit the hospital already when the first unpleasant sensation appears.This will be done without prolonged and expensive treatment: with the development of the disease, getting rid of it becomes more difficult.

A degree of gonarthrosis

There are three degrees of knee joint arthrosis:

• 1 degree gonarthrosis is a gap from the first symptom of the disease to the appearance of bone deformation, which can be seen during examination or in X -Rays.In this case, the knee can change its shape in the first months of arthrosis, but due to the accumulation of fluid in the joints (this phenomenon is called synovitis).1 degree gonarthrosis is mainly characterized by different intensity pain that occurs during movement.
• 2 levels of knee joint arthrosis are accompanied by unpleasant sensations at little load, knee crisis while walking and squatting and decreasing joint mobility.In X -Ray, the growth of bone tissue along the edge of the joints and narrowing of the joint gap can be seen.Outside, knees with 2 degrees gonarthrosis also look defective and increase in size.
• With 3 degrees of cartilage gonarthrosis, almost nothing left in the joints, and in the form of severe osteoarthrosis, the bone grows together, leading to complete deficiency of the foot.It is difficult for a person with such a disease to take a position where the pain decreases - the dream is disturbed, and it is impossible to move without a cruttle or a stick.

Only a doctor is able to establish the level of arthrosis of the knee joint after studying radiography: there are cases when the symptoms of mild characteristics -The first stage feature is accompanied by the destruction of intra -articular cartilage.

Treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint

If the diagnosis has detected gonartrosis, it is necessary to approach the future treatment.Do not expect that compression or ointment from the nearest pharmacy will solve the problem - the disease requires an integrated approach and compliance with expert recommendations.

There is no and should not be a "scenario" of knee joint arthrosis - orthopedics are required to take into account the patient's complaints, pay attention to the same pathology and take into account the weapons of physiotherapy techniques available at medical institutions.The best option is gonarthrosis treatment at a specialized orthopedic clinic.

Medicinal treatment (medicine for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis)

Medications are important in the treatment of gonarthrosis, especially in situations where you need to immediately relieve acute pain symptoms and reduce inflammation.For this purpose, doctors prescribe anti -non -ssteroid medications (NSAIDs): Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Nimesulide and others.To combat severe inflammation, steroids are prescribed, and to improve cartilage tissue - medicines for joints and vasodilating drugs.All of these medicines are prescribed in the form of tablets and in the form of creams, ointments, injection solutions (with the severity of the knee joint arthrosis).

Special pronunciation is justified by the plasmolifting method - the introduction of the patient's blood plasma enriched with plasma into the knee joints affected by arthrosis.This technique is successfully used in sports medicine, where special attention is given to the rapid recovery of the musculoskeletal system.

It has long been considered one of the major folk remedies for arthrosis: it is used for both infusions (for example, from Linden Flowers) and for wrap and massage.It's hard to say how honey helps eliminate the cause of the disease, but this tool will not be harmful - even if doctors say.

Surgical

Different objects -different levels of invasiveness are designed not only to reduce the symptoms of the disease, but also to eliminate the cause.

• Stab.To remove excess fluid in the joint cavity, the surgeon uses a puncture - a minimum invasive intervention reduces inflammation and restores knee mobility.
• Arthroscopy.If arthrosis requires surgery (usually with 2 degrees of severity), it can be done in an endoscopic - this technique does not require joint cavity surgery, and all manipulations are performed by thin flexible tools under micro -micro control.Arthroscopy involves the purification of a joint surface of the destroyed cartilage fragments.
• Osteotomy near the joints is a more traumatic intervention.During surgery, one of the bones that form the knee joint is cut, and then set again, but at different angles.This approach allows you to redistribute the burden on the knees, which reduces the pain syndrome and improves knee mobility.Osteotomy is commonly used for 1 and 2 degrees of osteoarthrosis of the knee joint.
• Endoprosthetics implies the replacement of knee joints with bio -compatible design, giving the previous amount of movement.This complex surgical intervention requires prolonged recovery, so, as a rule, patients with 3 degrees gonartrosis are disconnected.

Non -Kurgia method treats osteoarthritis

But still, where surgery is a serious test for the body, so people suffering from knee arthrosis joints prefer conservative treatment.Practices show that physiotherapy and other methods, as well as lifestyle changes, lead to significant improvement, with reduction in pharmaceutical use.

Physiotherapy

• Shock wave therapy (UVT) has been used in the clinic for 20 years.During the procedure, doctors act in affected areas with devices that generate radial acoustic waves (2000-4000 beats per procedure).Therapeutic effects are achieved due to activation of blood supply in the joints and stimulation of bone and cartilage recovery.
• Myostimulation implies the effects of muscles that surround the joints with poor current impulses, in which the movement of the foot is increased, the pain decreases, and the durability of the physical activity.
• Phonophoresis - a combination of ultrasonic therapy and drug effects, which is very effective for gonarthrosis.It is known that usually, only 5-7% of medicines in the form of ointments, gels or creams are absorbed through the skin.With this procedure, high vibration -Frekuency heats the knee joint tissue and increases the absorption of the drug, which allows to save expensive medicines, while getting good results.
• Ozonotherapy.The active oxygen effect on the tissue has anti -anti -analgesic effects, where with knee joint arthrosis, you can refuse to take hormone medication or reduce their dose.

Kinesitherapy

• Medical physical education (training therapy), according to doctors, allows the patient responsible and diligently with arthrosis to "escape" from surgery.Daily exercises according to special techniques smoothly strengthen the muscles -the legs, which in some cases restore the pathological process, return the patient to the previous mobility.The main success factor is the competent training sequence that is said by experienced training therapy teachers.
• Massage (including lymphatic drainage) and manual therapy - a passive effect on the muscles, joints and ligaments of the patient.They are suitable for inactive patients and combined with exercise therapy, physiotherapy and drug treatment to change osteoarthrosis.
• Mechanotherapy involves the use of special devices that enhance the effects of training therapy and massage - vibration simulators, breaking and mechanical referees.
• Joint traffic is a mechanical increase in their cavity, as the pain left and the destruction of the joints slows down.The application of this technique course allows several years to delay the development of knee joint arthrosis.

Dietary therapy

Consulting with nutritionists and overweight and obesity treatment is an effective addition to the main method of combating arthrosis of any localization.Weight loss relieves joints and facilitates exercise therapy in obese people.Frequently, radical treatment of obesity - bariatric surgery - allows you to diagnose people who have had arthrosis for years.

Orthopeda doctors recommend thinking about knee health before you first feel pain in this area.The proposal is simple: to monitor weight, be careful about choosing the right shoes, approaching physical exercise rationally, engaging in swimming (it removes the burden of all joints at the same time), avoid hypothermia of the foot and leaves smoking.